JADE![]() | For centuries jade was thought to be a single gemstone, but in 1863 two types were recognised: jadeite and nephrite. Nephrite is more common, but both are tough, fine-grained rocks, suitable for carving. Jadeite, made up of interlocking, granular pyroxene crystals, occurs in a wide range of colours while nephrite varies from a dark green, iron-rich nephrite to a cream-coloured magnesium-rich variety. Nephrite can be confused with bowenite serpentine, may be imitated by composite stones, or dyed to improve colour. Hardness: 7 1/2
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